Clavícula supernumeraria: reporte de un caso / Supernumerary clavicle: a case report

Comunicamos un caso de clavícula supernumeraria izquierda en un paciente varón, de 3 años de edad, con imposibilidad a la flexoextensión y lateralización cervical desde el nacimiento y que al estudiotomográfico se observa la presencia de un cuerpo óseo del lado izquierdo con forma de S itálica, que se articulaba con la mandíbula y región esternoclavicular. Previa valoración del servicio de rehabilitación, se somete a excéresis de la lesión, confirmándose anatomopatológicamente que se trataba de tejido óseo con superficies distales articulares y médula ósea central (AU)

We report a case of left sided supernumerary clavicle in a male child, 3 years old with impossibility to the flexion and extension of the neck and lateralization since birth, in the 3D CAT SCAN we could appreciate the presence of bone tissue with italic S shape that was articulated with the jaw and the left sternun clavicle region. Previous evaluation from the rehabilitation service the patient underwent the removal of the lesion. The pathology study confirmed that this piece was osseous tissue with distal joints surfaces and central bone marrow (AU)

[Supernumerary clavicle: a case report]. / Clavicula supernumeraria: reporte de un caso.

We report a case of left sided supernumerary clavicle in a male child, 3 years old with impossibility to the flexion and extension of the neck and lateralization since birth, in the 3D CAT SCAN we could appreciate the presence of bone tissue with italic S shape that was articulated with the jaw and the left sternun clavicle region. Previous evaluation from the rehabilitation service the patient underwent the removal of the lesion. The pathology study confirmed that this piece was osseous tissue with distal joints surfaces and central bone marrow.

[Gliomatosis cerebri: clinico-pathological and neuroimaging characteristics and the results of treatment with radiotherapy]. / Gliomatosis cerebri: características clinicopatológicas, de neuroimagen y resultados del tratamiento con radioterapia.

INTRODUCTION: Gliomatosis cerebri is a rare form of malignant neoplastic glial transformation that involves large areas of the central nervous system. OBJECTIVE: To describe clinical manifestations, pathognomonic neuroimaging findings and results of radiotherapy of gliomatosis cerebri. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We review clinical records and neuroimaging studies of two patients with gliomatosis cerebri identified from the files of brain tumor registries of two university hospitals. One patient underwent radiotherapy after surgery. RESULTS: Clinical manifestations and evolution were totally different in both patients despite the fact that both tumors had the same extension on neuroimaging studies. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed the extent of the lesion in both cases, comprising both cerebral hemispheres. Histopathological study revealed G-I and G-II astrocytomas. The patient treated with whole brain irradiation experienced clinical improvement and involution of the brain tumour on neuroimaging studies, and survived 20 months after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical manifestations of gliomatosis cerebri are protean. Therefore, neuroimaging studies and histopathological analysis of brain tissue allow the correct diagnosis. Radiotherapy may improve neurological function in some patients. However, it is necessary to compare the long-term evolution of treated and non-treated patients to evaluate clinical efficacy of radiotherapy.

Gliomatosis cerebri: características clinicopatológicas, de neuroimagen y resultados del tratamiento con radioterapia / Gliomatosis cerebri: clinico-pathological and neuroimaging characteristics, and the results of treatment with radiotherapy

Introducción. La gliomatosis cerebri es una forma rara de transformación neoplásica glial que afecta a extensas áreas del sistema nervioso central. Objetivo. Describir el cuadro clínico, hallazgos patognomónicos en estudios de neuroimagen y resultados del tratamiento con radioterapia de la gliomatosis cerebri. Pacientes y métodos. Se revisaron las historias clínicas y estudios de neuroimagen de dos pacientes con gliomatosis cerebri, que fueron identificados utilizando los registros de tumores cerebrales de dos hospitales universitarios. Un paciente recibió tratamiento con radioterapia holocraneal. El cuadro y curso clínico de los dos pacientes fue completamente diferente a pesar de presentar lesiones similares en los estudios de neuroimagen. La resonancia magnética (RM) identificó claramente la localización y extensión de la lesión, la cual comprometía ambos hemisferios cerebrales. El estudio histopatológico mostró astrocitomas con grados histológicos variables (G-I y G-III). El paciente tratado con radioterapia experimentó mejoría clínica e involución de la neoplasia en estudios de RM de control, con sobrevida de 20 meses después del diagnóstico. Conclusiones. El cuadro clínico de la gliomatosis cerebri es pleomórfico e inespecífico, por lo que el diagnóstico se sospecha a partir de los hallazgos de la RM y se confirma con el estudio histopatológico del material de biopsia. El tratamiento con radioterapia puede mejorar la función neurológica en algunos casos. Sin embargo, para confirmar el potencial curativo de la radioterapia, es necesario comparar el grado funcional y la sobrevida de estos pacientes con aquellos no tratados (AU)

[Cystic meningiomas: unusual forms of intracranial neoplasms]. / Meningiomas quísticos: formas inusuales de neoplasias intracraneales.

OBJECTIVE: We report eight patients with cystic intracranial meningiomas to outline the neuroimaging spectrum of this unusual form of intracranial tumors. METHODS: Both CT and MRI were equally effective for the detection of peritumoral or intratumoral cystic lesions. However, neuroimaging findings were nonspecific and did not allow a correct preoperative diagnosis in most cases. CONCLUSIONS: Only a high index of suspicion permits the neurosurgeon a proper recognition of cystic meningiomas and its differentiation from the more common and malignant gliomas.